Discuss the types of waste treated by a trickling filter and a rbc. Trickling filters and anaerobic filters find, read and cite all the. For the most efficient operation, the deps facilities manual recommends that an optimal system. The plastic media with crossflow characteristics, when compared to vertical flow media, increase the hydraulic retention time between the biofilm and the influent and provide superior oxygen transfer. The trickling filter media may be crushed rock, slag, or manufactured material. The trickling filter was one of the first biochemical operations developed to treat municipal and industrial wastewater. The media used in trickling filters may be stones, ceramic material, hard coal, or plastic media. The supporting material for bacteria growth were gravels with the mean of 10 mm mesh size and pvc shredding. The high rate trickling filter, single stage or two stage are recommended for medium to relatively high strength domestic and industrial wastewater. The tf is an aerobic treatment system utilizing microorganisms attached to a media to remove organic matter from wastewater that passes over, around, through, or by the media. In the filter module the biological film thickens until carbonaceous material and oxygen no longer penetrates to the bacteria on the inside s urface nearest the media. Trickling filters have provided valuable service in treating waste water for many years. Intermediaterate filters intermediate rate filters can be loaded up to 64 kg bod 5100 m 3d 40 lb bod 5cu ftday. Types of trickling filters water treatment waste water.
As the organic matter passes through the trickling filter, it is converted to microbial biomass which forms a thick biofilm on the filter medium. Rock or slag rock is the original media used in trickling filters. Plastic media of polyvinyl chloride pvc or polypropylene are used today in highrate trickling filters. The trickle filter consists of a plexiglas tube with inner diameter of 12cm and a total height of 210cm. A modern trickling filter consists of a bed of highly permeable media to which microorganism are attached and sewage percolates or trickle down and hence the name trickling filter. Nitrifying trickling filters and denitrifying bioreactors for. An introduction to trickling filter wastewater treatment plants. Introduction to trickling filters and rbcs study guide september 1995 edition. What every operator should know about trickling filters. The biological purification is mainly done by aerobic bacteria which form a bacterial film known as biofilm or slime layer around filter media. Conventional trickling filter or ordinary trickling filter. Explain the purpose served by the media in a trickling filter and on a rbc. Trickling filter for high efficiency treatment of dairy sewage. This packing material can be rock, gravel, sand and a wide range of plastic and other synthetic materials.
Rock or slag redwood no longer used in new systems synthetic materials rock or slag rock is the original media used in trickling filters. Synthetic media manufacturers recommend depths of 10 to 40 feet for columnar or stacked module media. Trickling filter merupakan salah satu aplikasi pengolahan air limbah dengan memanfaatkan teknologi biofilm. Therefore, liquidsolids separation is required, and is typically achieved with circular or rectangular secondary clarifiers. Advantages and disadvantages of trickling filter water. May 27, 2017 the sewage is allowed to sprinkle over filter media through nozzles or rotary distributors. Unit 3 startup and maintenance of trickling filters. Metode trickling filter adalah metode pengolahan limbah cair dengan cara limbah disemprotkan pada sebuah media yang kasar yang pada permukaan media tersebut melekat dan tumbuh bakteri aerob yang bertugas mengdegradasi bahan organik yang terdapat pada limbah cair. It is generally field stone, slag, or crushed stone. This type of system is typical of a number of technologies e.
The pump operates on a timed sequence that is specific to the sites wastewater characteristics to ensure that the dosing rate optimizes filter performance. Trickling filter, in wastewater treatment, a bed of crushed rock or other coarse media roughly 2 metres 6 feet deep and up to 60 metres 200 feet in diameter. A trickling filter tf is one of the oldest biological wastewater technologies that has been used for over 100 years. Basic applications for rotary distributors include low and high rate trickling filter processes, but. Bureau of safe drinking water, department of environmental protection 111 wastewater treatment plant operator training. Trickling filter and trickling filter suspended growth. Conventional trickling filter or ordinary trickling. Rock andor slag filter media depths shall not exceed 10feet and manufactured filter media depths should not exceed the recommendations of the manufacturer.
Based on an average initial influent of 600 mg nh 3 n l. Any type of filter with attached biomass on the filter media can be defined as a. The filter media consists of rocks varying in size from 25100mm. Sessil has been in use for over 20 years and is installed in over 100. The ovivo rotary distributor filters screened and settled wastewater through a bed of rock or plastic to reduce the biological oxygen demand bod to acceptable levels. In this process the microorganisms responsible for digestion are attached to an inert filter material. With the introduction of plastic filter media to replace the rock media, speed control, and more reliable rotary distributor mechanisms, the performance of trickling filters has been greatly enhanced. A modern trickling filter consists of a bed of highly permeable media to which microorganism are attached and sewage. An introduction to trickling filter wastewater treatment.
With years of evolution, modern trickling filters can be built up to 12 m 40. Comparison of plastic trickling filter media for the. Amherst wastewater treatment plant the amherst wastewater treatment plant awtp located in amherst, ohio, had two tfs. When the bottom layer compresses and the top layer shows cracks and broken channels its time to exchange the plastic fill media. Each trickling filter system has several components. It consists of a fixed bed of rocks, coke, gravel, slag, polyurethane foam, sphagnum peat moss, ceramic, or plastic media over which sewage or other wastewater flows downward and causes a layer of microbial slime biofilm to grow, covering the bed of media. Trickling filter media filed june 21, 1962 2 sheetssheet i. The trickling filter is filled with a high specific surface area material, such as rocks, gravel, shredded pvc bottles, or special preformed plastic filter media. Biochar and bamboo were selected as the best combination of media for trickling filter and anaerobic filter sequential treatment. Introduction to trickling filters and rbcs study guide. Trickling filters trickling filter is an attached growth process i. In order to ensure good distribution and thorough blending of the filter and secondary effluent, the. Rock media commonly are found in older trickling filters. This biofilm layer is aerobic only upto a depth of 0.
Dec 03, 2016 classification of tfs based on organic loadings low rate or standard rate trickling filters. Microorganisms attach to the media and consume the waste that contacts the surface as the liquid trickles through the media. Other plants operating in this range have had few operational problems. Effluent treatment plant using modified version of trickle filter. A septic tank, which removes the settleable and floatable solids from the wastewater. A high specific surface provides a large area for biofilm formation.
Table 1 shows the bod 5 removal rates for the four filter types discussed. Packing material used in attached growth processes include rock, gravel, slag, sand, redwood, and a wide range of plastic and other synthetic materials. Sessil plastic vertical strip media is specifically designed for trickling filter applications. Pdf trickling filter and trickling filtersuspended growth process. Doc trickling filter pengertian trickling filter edwin. Trickling filter ini terdiri dari suatu bak dengan media fermiabel untuk pertumbuhan organisme yang tersusun oleh materi lapisan yang kasar. A clarifierdosing tank, which is a concrete or fiberglass tank that allows biological materials to settle out of the water. Settled sewage is sprayed over the bed surface and is further purified as it trickles downward, coming in contact with filmy layers of microorganisms slime attached to the media. Stone media trickling filters will be designed with depths of 5 to 7 feet for lowrate applications and depths of 3 to 6 feet for highrate applications.
The microbial layer that grows on the trickling filter media is the most important part of a trickling filter. Trickling filter is a type of waste water treatment process, which is an attached growth process. Trickling filter classification and mechanism engineering. Typical sessil trickling filter sessil weighing system a unique feature of the sessil design is the ability to weigh a specific volume of media. The organisms in the microbial layer feed on the pollutants in the sewage and convert them to solids that will settle out of the sewage. In water treatment, it is used to purify the surface water for potable use whereas in wastewater treatment, the main purpose of filtration is to produce effluent of high quality so that it can be reused for various purposes. Mar 24, 2014 what is a trickling filter trickling filter is a type of waste water treatment process, which is an attached growth process. The trickling filters are classified based on hydraulic or organic loading, as low rate trickling filter lrtf, high rate trickling filter hrtf and roughing filter. Pdf on jan 1, 2018, stewart oakley and others published media filters. A trickling filter is a type of wastewater treatment system. Energyefficient wastewater reuse the renaissance of trickling. Dec 22, 2019 with increasing damages, the air and water distribution within the trickling filter gets worse and worse so that the performance of the trickling filter starts to decrease. Plastic media trickling biofilter technology is being used on a pilotscale to treat swine lagoon wastewater for use in a hydroponic greenhouse system. This packing material can be rock, gravel, sand and a.
The tf is an attach growth treatment system that uses microorganisms attached to a medium plastic or mineral inert media to remove organic matter from. Trickling filters can be used for carbon removal, nitrification or denitrification atv. Because trickling filter technology has historically been used for municipal wastewater treatment, the design parameters found in the literature are based on typical municipal wastewater characteristics. Pilot trickle filter a schematic diagram of the pilot scale trickling filter that was used in our study as shown in figurea. The filter media needs to be durable, insoluble, and resistant to chemicals. As the microbial layer grows, a portion detaches or sloughs from the trickling filter media. Media shall have a minimum depth of 6feet above the underdrains. Trickling filter design guideline how do trickling filters. Randomly placed polypropylene media filters are designed. United states patent ofi ice 3,329,271 patented july 4, 1967 3,329,271 trickling filter media thomas 1. Describe the effect of algae growth on the media of a trickling filter and a rbc. Trickling filter in industry with 16 m media depth.
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